Key Social Norms Take-aways This evaluation demonstrates that gender-transformative, community-based interventions can catalyze shifts in deeply embedded norms around gender roles, violence, and sexual relationships. The intervention’s focus on community dialogue and inclusion of both men and women led to increased openness in discussing gender-based violence, reduced stigma around survivors, and new expectations around spousal communication and shared decision-making.
Objectives The evaluation aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Change the River’s Flow for Young People program in transforming attitudes and behaviors related to gender equality, intimate partner violence, and sexual and reproductive health in rural Zimbabwe. It also sought to understand the mechanisms of social norms change and the role of young people in diffusing these shifts within their communities.
Methods A qualitative evaluation approach was used, including 60 in-depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions with young women, young men, community members, mentors, and local leaders. Data were collected at baseline and endline across four rural districts. Thematic analysis was applied to explore changes in gender attitudes, behaviors, social norms, and perceptions of violence and power within relationships.
Intervention Details The program targeted young people aged 15 to 24 using a structured curriculum focused on gender equality, power dynamics, intimate partner violence, and sexual and reproductive health. Youth participated in weekly group sessions facilitated by trained mentors over a period of one year. Community engagement was a core element, including intergenerational dialogues, community action teams, and awareness events to promote broader social change. Mentors were selected from the same communities and trained extensively to guide discussions, encourage critical reflection, and support diffusion of new norms.
Results Participants reported improved communication in relationships, increased gender-equitable attitudes, and reductions in intimate partner violence. Community members observed more respectful relationships and noted that young people became role models for change. Both young men and women reported increased confidence in challenging harmful norms, including those related to male dominance and stigma around survivors of violence. Shifts were also observed in parent-child communication and community willingness to discuss previously taboo topics.
Conclusions The intervention successfully fostered shifts in harmful gender norms and relationship dynamics through peer-led, community-grounded approaches. Sustained engagement, mentor credibility, and public dialogue were essential in challenging and reshaping social norms that perpetuate violence and inequality.